Jesus' Healing on the Sabbath
Jesus was teaching in one of the synagogues. A woman with an infirmity entered; "crippled by a spirit for eighteen years. She was bent over and could not straighten up at all" (Luke 13:11) - a type of bone fusion or muscular paralysis. The text does not say she was demon possessed, but merely crippled by the design of Satan; oppressed (cf. Job). Compare the 18 years in Luke 13:11 with the eighteen in Luke 13:4.
"When Jesus saw her, he called her forward and said to her, "Woman, you are set free from your infirmity." Then he put his hands on her, and immediately she straightened up and praised God" (Luke 13:12-13). Jesus healed on the Sabbath (Luke 4:18-19); note the woman praised God on the Sabbath. The Kingdom of God was present upon the earth (see below).
The ruler of the synagogue sought to accuse Jesus before the people. He said, "There are six days for work. So come and be healed on those days, not on the Sabbath" (Luke 13:14). Jesus responds with a stinging rebuke. He says, "You hypocrites! Doesn't each of you on the Sabbath untie his ox or donkey from the stall and lead it out to give it water? Then should not this woman, a daughter of Abraham, whom Satan has kept bound for eighteen long years, be set free on the Sabbath day from what bound her?" (Luke 13:15-16). The Mishna lists rules for caring for cattle on the Sabbath (m. abbat 7:2; 5:1-4; 15:12; m. 'Erubin 2:1-4). Jesus' point is simple: if animals can receive basic care on the Sabbath, how much more human beings, especially a woman of promise, a child of Abraham! Note, Jesus' title of the woman - "daughter of Abraham" - pointing to the full inclusion of women in the Old covenant community.
The event ends with Jesus' opponents humiliated and the people rejoicing (Luke 13:17l cf. Luke 6:17) at his marvelous deeds (cf. Luke 7:16; Exod. 34:10).
Jesus displayed his compassion for hurting people through healing. Through the healing, he showed his authority over spiritual powers and physical sickness. He also pointed out spiritual hypocrisy in Israel's religious leaders.